Problems in the Musculoskeletal System

Long bone bowing in Campomelic Dysplasia is variable. Corrective osteotomies of the femur and tibia should be preformed so that the child can start standing and walking at the appropriate times. The timing of such surgery is influenced by the child’s respiratory status. Developmental milestones are delayed in Campomelic Dysplasia and this should be kept in mind during decision-making. A period of casting is necessary in the immediate post-operative period, followed by long-term bracing to maintain correction.

Congenital/ developmental hip dislocations are typically managed along standard lines. In infancy, the mainstay of treatment is by means of a Pavlik harness. If this fails, surgery becomes necessary.

Cervical kyphosis is an initial problem, secondary to failure of formation of the anterior cervical vertebral bodies, which can lead to spinal cord compression. Thoracic kyphoscoliosis is a severe problem that may require surgery.

Clubfeet should be treated along standard lines with corrective casting and surgery, depending upon the severity of the problem.